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in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (ed

AfanasyevaTAVCorral-SerranoJCGarantoARoepmanRCheethamMECollinRWJet al

In studies on the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 as well as the undifferentiated and pre-differentiated fibroblastic mouse cell line 3T3-L1 under non-inflammatory and inflammatory conditions, it was found that the hypoglycemic activity of LF may be related to the improvement of insulin resistance by regulating the expression of glycoprotein genes and thus exerting the anti-inflammatory mechanism of its activity ( LF exerts insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-kB/SIRT-1 signaling cascade and correspondingly decreases the expression of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, lipocalin 2, and TNF-, thereby reducing diabetes-related inflammation ( 2+ and cAMP signaling pathways ( 3.2 Lactoferrin activates IRS-1/PI3K/AKT to improve insulin resistance Studies have shown that LF upregulates insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), PI3K and AKT in liver protein expression ( The bioactive peptides that were obtained through modification and alteration were also more successful in mitigating the effect of insulin resistance

PMID: 23936317