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Complement activation is a critical pathway in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne, yet its specific mechanisms of action and key regulatory factors remain to be elucidated

Ferroptosis-associated oxidative stress also influences post-translational modifications of ATG proteins, fine-tuning their activity and localization (63-65)

These interventions should be individualized and biomarker-guided (e.g., endothelial function, Prx redox state, GSH/GSSG, F 2 -isoprostanes, LIP assays) and titrated to preserve beneficial H 2 O 2 -based signalling while preventing convergence onto ONOO , hydroxyl-radical formation and runaway lipid peroxidation (Frijhoff et al

Transl Psychiatry 2:e134