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One by Chez found that L-carnosine improved participants' language and Autism symptoms on the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale and Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test

However, lithium has other clinical effects that may be partially independent of each other (Bojja et al

Abbreviations CNS: Central Nervous system CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid MLT: Magnesium-L-Threonate MAT: Magnesium-Acetyl-Taurate NMDA: N-methyl-D-Aspartate BDNF: Brain derived neurotropic factor CREB: cyclic AMP response element binding protein cAMP: cyclic adenosine monophosphate PFC: Prefrontal cortex MBP: Myelin basic protein ROS: Reactive oxygen species Nrf2: Nuclear erythroid related factor-2 HO-1: Haemooxygenase-1 PSD-95: Post synaptic density protein-95 Mg 2+ : Magnesium BBB: Blood brain barrier TCA: Tricarboxylic acid ADP: Adenosine di phosphate RBC: Red blood cell AD: Alzheimers disease CBC: Complete blood count WBC: White blood cell GABA: Gamma-amino-butyric acid SOD: Superoxide dysmutase GSH: Reduced Glutathione ETC: Electron transport chain DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid ATP: Adenosine-tri-phosphate OGDH: Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase H&E: Hematoxylin and Eosin LFB: Luxol fast blue CoQ10: Coenzyme-Q10 RNA: Ribonucleic acid RRT: Rota-rod test GST: Grip strength test OFT: Open-field test MWM: Morris water maze EPM: Elevated-plus maze OD: Optical density ELT: Escape latency TSTQ: Time spend in target quadrant HB: Haemoglobin EDTA: Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid ELISA: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ETC: Electron transport chain NADH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogenase PBS: Phosphate buffer saline SD: Standard deviation References Abumaria, N., Yin, B., Zhang, L., Li, X

1 Deficiencies of methylfolate and vitamin B12 can lead to decreased SAMe levels, which has been associated with both mental illnesses such as depression and neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia