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Peptides derived from Laminaria japonica promote apoptosis by increasing cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels and activating PARP, potentially through upstream apoptotic signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) phosphorylation and subsequent p38 MAPK activation (107)

In cases of acute acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity, NAC initiation is based on the Revised Rumack-Matthew nomogram, which plots serum APAP levels against time since ingestion

Among the metabolites that contribute to the increased risk of LC, we focus on the key metabolites identified by the highest OR and the lowest p -values

Subsequent animal experiments confirmed that OAFF could inhibit CXCL8 to maintain resting NPSCs through the PI3K-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting disease progression in a rat tail disc puncture model [441]