tobacco industry revenue by year Global Market Size, Share, Trend, Forecast to 2033 Physicians for a Smoke-Free Canada:

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Long-term side effects of vaping While the long-term effects of vaping are still being researched, emerging evidence suggests potential risks associated with prolonged use: Respiratory issues Once heated the vapour contains ultrafine particles which can be inhaled deep into the lungs and may exacerbate conditions such as bronchitis, asthma, and lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

However, limited evidence exists on how patient-level factors, such as nicotine dependence, illness perception (especially oral health consequences), and motivational readiness, influence engagement with cessation services in resource-constrained settings

For young people, nicotine can cause adverse impacts on adolescent brain development, impaired attention, learning and memory, and may worsen stress, depression and anxiety